How to Quick Format a Drive - Command Prompt

Knowing how to format a drive, whether a hard drive or flash drive, can come in very handy.  This article will briefly go over the types of file systems for disk partitions followed by how to format a drive - first using a command/DOS prompt.  I'll go over how to format using HP USB Storage Format Tool v2.2.3 in another post.

The most common choices for formatting are FAT32 and NTFS.

FAT32 is the older of the two formats and is read/write compatible with many operating systems, including Windows up to Windows 8, Mac OS X, and Linux.  It supports file sizes up to 4GB and up to 2TB volumes.  Also, FAT32 can be converted to NTFS without reformatting.

NTFS (New Technology Files System) is the newer drive format and is read/write compatible with legacy Windows operating systems such as Windows NT 3.1 up to Windows 8.  Mac OS X (10.3 and above) can read NTFS, but (aside from other hacks and workarounds) they require third party utilities to write to an NTFS volume, making NTFS essentially only semi-compatible with OS X..  NTFS cannot be converted to FAT32 without reformatting.

While NTFS is supposedly faster than FAT32 formatted drives, FAT32 makes for a better choice if you ever need to transfer files between Windows and non-Windows systems (like Mac or Linux machines).


*The below instructions are assuming an external drive of some sort is being formatted from within Windows.  You can also format your internal hard drive if needed for an OS (re)install if you have the install media readily available of course!)

HOW TO QUICK FORMAT VIA COMMAND PROMPT (cmd.exe):

Type the following commands line by line in an elevated command prompt (elevate a cmd prompt by right clicking cmd.exe and select "Run As Administrator")

Type:

• Diskpart
• List Disk

**For the next command you will need to use your common sense as to which drive to select.  For example, if you know you have a 500GB hard drive internally, and want to format a 16GB flash drive that's connected, probably only two drives will be listed under "list disk" - Ex: Disk 0 shows as having a size of 500GB and Disk 1 as having a size of 16GB.  You will therefore want to "Select disk 1" (the flash drive - you do not want to unintentionally format your internal hard drive!).  You can also go to Disk Management (under Computer Management, along with Device Manager) and look at the drive numbers there.**

• Select disk <insert disk #>
• Clean
• Create partition primary               (or create part pri for short!)
• Format fs=NTFS quick     *OR*    Format fs=FAT32 quick
• List volume                                     (or list vol for short!)
• Select volume <insert volume #>  (use the same judgement you used earlier when selecting a disk number to select the volume number of the drive you just formatted)
• Assign
• Exit

More resources on NTFS vs FAT32:

http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2421454,00.asp

http://www.guidingtech.com/11205/difference-between-ntfs-and-fat-32-file-systems/

http://www.howtogeek.com/177529/htg-explains-why-are-removable-drives-still-using-fat32-instead-of-ntfs/

More resources on using Diskpart to format a drive:

http://www.techhack.co.uk/2011/03/31/format-a-hard-drive-with-command-prompt/ - with screen shots

http://www.intowindows.com/bootable-usb/ - includes info on making a USB bootable (more to come in a future post!)

Testing Network Connectivity

Ok, first up is an article how to simply check network connectivity with "ip config," and help troubleshooting network connectivity issues by using "ping" in a command prompt.

Ping (or Packet InterNet Groper) sends ICMP echo requests to target hosts and listens for ICMP echo replies.  It measures round trip time from transmission to reception, and reports errors and packet loss.

If your ping receives the same amount of packets that it sent, you're good.

OK, so here are some useful network-connectivity-checking commands that can be done from within a command/DOS prompt.

IP CONFIG:

1. ipconfig - Typing ipconfig in a command prompt gives you relevant network connection information (if present) on whatever various network adapters you may have in your machine.  The output includes IPv4 address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway.
2. ipconfig /all - This command gives even more detailed ipconfig information including the device's hostname and physical (MAC) address
3. ipconfig /release - This command will release (end) your network connection ip address
4. ipconfig /renew -  This command will renew (re-establish) your network connection ip address
5. ipconfig /flushdns - This command clears the local DNS cache

PING:

1. ping 127.0.0.1 - Pinging this address (also known as the Loopback Address) tests that your TCP/IP stack isn't corrupt (look for four packets sent/received) and tests if your NIC is functioning on the physical level
2. ping <your ip address> - pinging your own ip address (ex 192.168.1.100) tests if your NIC is functioning and that the computer was added to the network correctly
3. ping <your gateway> - This tests if your default gateway is functioning and that you can communicate with a local host on the local network
4. ping <an external address> - tests if routing and your internet connection are working

Take note that if your IP address shows as a 169.254.x.x address, your computer has an APIPA address  (automatically assigned private IP address) and you will only be able to communicate with hosts on your own subnet and cannot be routed anywhere.  This is often due to DHCP being unavailable to the machine.

Here's some additional information from Microsoft TechNet on pinging ip addresses:

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/Cc940095.aspx

New Blog Style/Content

I've decided to change the idea of this blog to be more of a record of the fixes I find during research and troubleshooting.  Not only for my own personal reference but to act as a sort of library to others who may be interested.

Enjoy.